2015年考研英语(二)阅读真题Text4及答案解析

　　阅读大家还是会聚焦于“历年真题”，真题也能检测出大家对“基础”和技巧组合的灵活度，所以大家刷真题是对的，好轻松考研小编为了让大家轻松上岸，为考生准备了2015年考研英语(二)阅读真题Text4及答案解析，希望大家都能考出好成绩。点击立即预约试听>>

　　1) Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for Jure, along with the drop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent. at good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.

　　2) However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000（4,4 percent）above its year ago level.

　　3) Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.

　　4)      There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent) from its year ago level.

　　5) We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is "yes." they are classified as working part-time. The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.

　　6) The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.

　　7) However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.

　　36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?

　　[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.

　　[B] The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.

　　[C] The possibility of full employment.

　　[D] The acceleration of job creation.

　　37. Many people work part-time because they_____.

　　[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs

　　[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet

　　[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs

　　[D] haven' t seen the weakness of the market

　　38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US_____.

　　[A] shows a general tendency of decline

　　[B] is harder to acquire than one year ago

　　[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless

　　[D] is lower than before the recession

　　39. It can be learned that with Obamacare_____.

　　[A] it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance

　　[B] full-time employment is still essential for insurance

　　[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members

　　[D] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance

　　40. The text mainly discusses_____.

　　[A] employment in the US

　　[B] part-timer classification

　　[C] insurance through Medicaid

　　[D] Obamacare's trouble

       答案解析：

　　36.选项[B]正确。

　　根据题干jobs picture，neglected定位到第二段,该段①句指出就业图景中有一个重要部分被忽略，②③句则具体说明“自愿从事兼职工作的人数出现大幅上升”这一情形。可见，“被忽略的就业图景部分”就是“自愿兼职工作的增加”,[B]选项正确。

　　37.选项[C]正确。

　　根据题干Many people work part-time定位到第三段。该段指出，很多做兼职工作的人事实上想要的是全职工作,之所以接受兼职工作是因为他们别无选择，可见文中暗示这部分人之所以从事兼职工作,是因为无法得到全职工作,[C]选项符合文意。

　　38.选项[A]正确。

　　第四段指出，非自愿兼职者六月份虽有所增加、但总体呈下降趋势:与经济衰退之前相比虽多出很多,但比一年前水平下降许多。可见,非自愿兼职者总体呈下降趋势,[A]选项符合文意。

　　39.选项[D]正确。

　　从题干关键词Obamacare以及真题“按顺序出题”原则，可定位到第六、七段，第六段指出，奥巴马医改的主要目的之一便是使人们在非就业的情况下也得到保险;第七段则指出，奥巴马医改使得人们可以通过医疗补助计划(Medicaid)或保险交易市场(exchanges)得到保险.保险不再与就业挂钩。可见[D]选项符合文意。

　　40.选项[A]正确。

　　本文前五段就劳工部六月就业报告数据讨论了美国的就业状况:工业岗位增加,失业率降低:自愿兼职人数大幅增加、非自愿兼职人数大幅降低，后两段则讨论“自愿兼职人数激增”和"奥巴马医改"之间关联。可见，文章整体围绕美国就业形势问题及其影响因素展开.所以[A]选项正确。

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