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历年考研英语外刊常考热点:剑桥分析公司法案

2021-04-27 16:31 来源:互联网 作者:考研小编
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历年考研英语外刊常考热点:剑桥分析公司法案

  原文标题:The Cambridge Analytica Bill

  【行文脉络】介绍历史背景(一段)——提出话题、介绍当下背景(第二段)——分析问题(第三至五段)——总结(第六段)

  Part 1原文

  Ⅰ  Congress first tried to pass a privacy law in 1974. Lawmakers succeeded, but lobbying from ?nancial services companies ensured that it applied only to the government, not private ?rms. Impetus to regulate privacy in the private sector waxed and waned over the next 30 years, building with the ?rst tech bubble, then evaporating in the horror of the 2001 attacks. In 2012, Barack Obama tried again and failed.

  Ⅱ Almost half a century after their ?rst effort, politicians are having a fourth go, triggered by the Cambridge Analytica scandal. Some have already o?ered their own bills, and work is now under way to knit all those into a bipartisan offering. Ranking Republicans and Democrats held two hearings on Capitol Hill this week with the explicit goal of informing the federal privacy bill. The discussion was familiar to privacy wonks—how transparent data collection should be, what limits there should be on it, how to avoid burdensome regulation—but the environment in which it took place suggests it might be fourth time lucky.

  Ⅲ The core controversy is over whether a new federal law should override what some states have already done. The disagreement depends on California, which adopted a new privacy law last year which will go into e?ect in 2020 and is broadly in line with European regulations. Republicans and tech companies want the federal law to substitute California’s rules, replacing them with a something more permissive. Democrats want any federal law to match California’s standard.

  Ⅳ California is not the only state threatened by pre-emption. It would also kill a law in Illinois regulating the collection of biometrics. In Vermont, rules that regulate the opaque business of data-brokers would disappear. Rules that are in draft form in at least ten state legislatures would be wiped away. Those who oppose pre-emption see this as a step backwards, away from strong privacy rules. Those in favour think it is good to try to harmonise a complicated patchwork of state rules.

  Ⅴ The regulations are not just a domestic concern. European courts, both national and supranational, are examining whether American regulation measures up to that in Europe. If it does not, that would mean that the personal data of Europeans cannot ?ow to America for processing, hurting American internet companies. A set of regulations which keeps Europe happy is therefore in the interests of both politicians and tech companies.

  Ⅵ  It seems likely that some common ground exists. There is broad agreement that a level regulatory playing ?eld would be good for companies and citizens, while the need to keep the American data-processing market open to Europe is obvious. Even so, disagreements about just how sharp to make America’s new privacy rules may yet hamper their creation.

  Part 2长难句语法点拨

  Impetus to regulate privacy in the private sector waxed and waned over the next 30 years, building with the ?rst tech bubble, then evaporating in the horror of the 2001 attacks.

  本句为简单句,包含两个现在分词短语形式的伴随状语。主句为Impetus to regulate privacy...the next 30years,主语为Impetus,to regulate...sector为主语的后置定语,谓语为waxed and waned,over the next thirty years为时间状语。building...bubble为伴随状语1,then evaporating...attacks为伴随状语2,两个伴随状语的逻辑主语皆为主语Impetus,伴随状语1解释说明waxed,伴随状语2解释说明waned。

  Part 3写作句型借鉴

  Impetus to …… waxed and waned over the next 30 years, building with XX, then evaporating in YY.

  接下来的三十多年间,……的动力似潮涨潮落,曾随着XX逐渐加强,后来又因YY逐渐消失。

  原文例句:Impetus to regulate privacy in the private sector waxed and waned over the next 30 years, building with the ?rst tech bubble, then evaporating in the horror of the 2001 attacks. 接下来的三十多年间,管理私营部门隐私的动力似潮涨潮落,曾随着一个技术泡沫逐渐加强,后来又因2001年的恐怖袭击造成的恐慌逐渐消失。

  Almost half a century after their ?rst effort, AA are having a fourth go, triggered by BB.

  距开始尝试已过去近半个世纪,在BBd的触发下,AA着手进行第四次尝试。

  原文例句:Almost half a century after their ?rst effort, politicians are having a fourth go, triggered by the Cambridge Analytica scandal.距开始尝试已过去近半个世纪,在剑桥分析公司丑闻的触发下,政治家们着手进行第四次尝试。

  The core controversy is over……

  争议的核心在于……

  原文例句:The core controversy is over whether a new federal law should override what some states have already done. 争议的核心在于新的联邦法是否应优先于一些州已有的法律。

  以上就是小编给大家介绍的历年考研英语外刊常考热点:剑桥分析公司法案,希望对大家有帮助。

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