历年考研英语外刊常考热点：FDA的困境及出路

　　在考研英语中，想要拿下考研英语高分势必是有些吃力的，听书读写中阅读能力尤为重要，阅读是听说写的基础，没有精读、泛读的大量积累输入，其他能力是无法得到本质上的突破，所以需要大量的真题以及外刊来辅助提升，今天好轻松考研小编准备了历年考研英语外刊常考热点：FDA的困境及出路，希望对大家有帮助。

　　原文标题：The F.D.A. Is in Trouble. Here’s How to Fix It.

　　脉络:

　　围绕“FDA的困境”展开论述(至四段) ——围绕“FDA困境的解决办法”展开论述(第五、六段) 。

　　Part 1 原文

　　I   The Food and Drug Administration is in distress. The agency is still the world’s leading regulator of food and medical products, responsible for ensuring the safety of some $2.6 trillion in consumer goods each year. That represents 20 cents of every dollar that Americans spend. But critics both inside and outside the sprawling agency say that the F.D.A.’s standards have been slipping for some time.

　　II  The effects of that slippage are starting to show. Too many prescription drugs and medical devices are being approved with too little data on how safe or effective they are. And too many other products—like those containing CBD or THC, ingredients found in the marijuana plant—are being sold with no apparent oversight at all.

　　III  Part of the problem is that the agency has too few resources and too little power to fulfill its key responsibilities. But it has also become profoundly vulnerable to political interference and other special interests. And a revolving door—F.D.A. staffers frequently go on to lucrative jobs at the very companies they were tasked with policing—has hurt the agency’s credibility. So too have a string of highprofile public health crises. In just the past few years, the F.D.A. has been faulted for its roles in the opioid epidemic and a surge in youth vaping.

　　IV   There is a deep tension between groups that want medical products to be proved safe and effective before they are made widely available and those that say that as long as those products pass a bare minimum of safety testing, patients should be able to decide for themselves. “The F.D.A. has been moving in the latter direction under great political and public pressure,” says Dr. Steven Joffe, a bioethicist at the University of Pennsylvania. If that trend continues, the nation may end up with a regulatory agency that’s powerless to make any meaningful regulations.

　　V    Fortunately, options for fortifying the F.D.A. abound. For instance, laws that would make it easier for regulators to police the cosmetics industry and to hold medical device companies to account have been floating through Congress for years.  A group of former F.D.A. commissioners last year proposed an even bolder fix: Restore the agency’s autonomy by extracting it from the Department of Health and Human Services. The F.D.A.’s decisions used to be final, but for decades now they have been subject to layers of political interference. Making the agency independent, as the Federal Reserve is, could help reverse that trend.

　　VI    But for these or other worthy ideas to get a fair hearing, Congress will have to step in, and the president—and the electorate—will need to come to terms with the essential role of regulations in protecting the nation’s food and drug supply.

　　Part 2 长难句翻译点评

　　I  The Food and Drug Administration is in distress. The agency is still the world’s leading regulator of food and medical products, responsible for ensuring the safety of some $2.6 trillion in consumer goods each year. That represents 20 cents of every dollar that Americans spend. But critics both inside and outside the sprawling agency say that the F.D.A.’s standards have been slipping for some time.

　　[翻译]食品药品监督管理局（FDA）正陷于困境。该机构仍然是世界上最重要的食品和医疗产品监管机构，负责确保每年约2.6万亿美元消费品的安全。这相当于美国人消费总额的20%。但是，这家庞大机构内外的批评者都说，FDA的标准一直在下降，已经有一段时间了。

　　[点评]引出FDA的困境：因审批标准下滑而饱受批评。同指词The Food and Drug Administration、The agency、the sprawling agency、the F.D.A.凸显全文关注对象：美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）；上下义词in distress...critics...体现其所处困境。

　　主要逻辑衔接：首句概述指出FDA正陷于困境；第二、三句铺垫FDA的重要职责：监管食品、医疗产品等消费品的安全；末句以But转折引出语义重点：FDA审批标准下降受到内外批评。

　　核心关键词：in distress

　　今天好轻松考研小编整理的历年考研英语外刊常考热点：FDA的困境及出路就到这里了，希望大家能在题目与答案中找到解题思路。