2011考研英语真题部分

　　Section I   Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）

　　Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But ???__1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930's indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.

　　Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual's emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

　　Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a（n） __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.

　　1.[A]among       [B]except        [C]despite       [D]like

　　2.[A]reflect       [B]demand       [C]indicate       [D]produce

　　3.[A]stabilizing    [B]boosting       [C]impairing     [D]determining

　　4.[A]transmit      [B]sustain        [C]evaluate      [D]observe

　　5.[A]measurable   [B]manageable    [C]affordable     [D]renewable

　　6.[A]In turn       [B]In fact        [C]In addition     [D]In brief

　　7.[A]opposite     [B]impossible     [C]average       [D]expected

　　8.[A]hardens      [B]weakens       [C]tightens      [D]relaxes

　　9.[A]aggravate     [B]generate       [C]moderate     [D]enhance

　　10.[A]physical     [B]mental        [C]subconscious  [D]internal

　　11.[A]Except for   [B]According to   [C]Due to        [D]As for

　　12.[A]with        [B]on           [C]in           [D]at

　　13.[A]unless      [B]until          [C]if           [D]because

　　14.[A]exhausts    [B]follows        [C]precedes     [D]suppresses

　　15.[A]into        [B]from          [C]towards      [D]beyond

　　16.[A]fetch        [B]bite          [C]pick        [D]hold

　　17.[A]disappointed  [B]excited       [C]joyful       [D]indifferent

　　18.[A]adapted      [B]catered       [C]turned       [D]reacted

　　19.[A]suggesting    [B]requiring     [C]mentioning   [D]supposing

　　20.[A]Eventually    [B]Consequently  [C]Similarly    [D]Conversely

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