2020考研英语二真题完整版（三）

　　Text 4

　　Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring—the most commonly- accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year—the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that’s tighter than its been in decades. And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.If “entitled” is the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied to millennials (those bornbetween 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious. According to the career counselors and experts who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed, economic pragmatists. Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both. They aren’t interested in taking any chances. The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt. College loan balances in the U.S. now stand at a record $1.5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.One survey from Accenture found that 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind. In a 2019 survey of University of Georgia students, meanwhile, the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment (followed by professional development and training, and then inspiring purpose). Job security or stability was the second most important career goal (work-life balance was number one), followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good.

　　36. Generation Zs graduating college this spring________.

　　[A] are recognized for their abilities

　　[B] are in favor of job offers

　　[C] are optimistic about the labor market

　　[D] are drawing growing public attention

　　37. Generation Zs are keenly aware________.

　　[A] what a tough economic situation is like

　　[B] what their parents expect of them

　　[C] how they differ from past generations

　　[D] how valuable a counselor’s advice is

　　38. The word“assuage”(line 9, para 2) is closet in meaning to________.

　　[A] define

　　[B] relieve

　　[C] maintain

　　[D] deepen

　　39. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation Zs________.

　　[A] care little about their job performance

　　[B] give top priority to professional training

　　[C] think it hard to achieve work-life balance

　　[D] have a clear idea about their future job

　　40. Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials, Generation Zs are________.

　　[A] less realistic

　　[B] less adventurous

　　[C]more diligent

　　[D] more generous

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　[A] Give compliments, just not too many.

　　[B] Put on a good face, always.

　　[C] Tailor your interactions.

　　[D] Spend time with everyone.

　　[E] Reveal, don’t hide information.

　　[F] Slow down and listen.

　　[G] Put yourselves in others’ shoes.

　　Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the Office Is it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 1 people, much less 50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers.You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you. Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.

　　41.__________If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try stay tight-lipped around them. But you won’t be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.

　　42.__________Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it’s a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact,rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions.Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back-and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.

　　43.__________It’s common to have a“cubicle mate”or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don’t always see.Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.

　　44.__________Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don’t have to be someone’s boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don’t overdo it or be fake about it. One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.

　　45.__________This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results.Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jokes that work one person won’t necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you’re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.

　　Section III Translation

　　Directions:

　　Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points) It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they're not really living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as “the end of the world,” or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something. we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they’re how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again.Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise.For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.

　　Section IV Writing

　　Part A

　　46. Directions:

　　Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students.Write an email to

　　1) tell them about the site, and

　　2) give them some tips for the tour

　　Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Do not use your own name, use “Li Ming”instead. (10 points)

　　Part B

　　47.Directions:

　　Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should

　　1) interpret the chart, and

　　2) give your comments

　　You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

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