2021考研英语一：新题型之填空式阅读解题技巧

　　新题型就是基本上纯靠技巧的题型，所以一般都是放在后期进行学习，当然掌握技巧也是很重要的。技巧只是能够帮助大家快速提高准确率的指导方法，要想熟练使用技巧，大家还需要大量做试题。

　　一、考察形式

　　填空式阅读也称作7选5：实际是一种特殊的完型填空题，把一篇500词左右文章的五个地方挖空，要求考生根据文章内容从给出的6-7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。

　　二、考点分析

　　1. 词汇衔接关系—词汇复现：名词、动词、形容词或者副词复现。文章脉络需要词汇的复现，指某一词以原词重复、同义词或近义词、上下义关系等形式重复出现。

　　例：In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies. (42)

　　[E] Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.对比选项可知， 选项[E]中出现了diverse aspects of culture这样的信息，和(42)前面的all aspects of culture形成了原短语复现关系，因此初步判断是正确答案，再根据其他线索可以验证。

　　2. 指代关系衔接—第三人称：主要利用第三人称指代关系。主要关注空格后句十个单词范围内的指代。常会出现关键线索：he/his/him/they, the+N, such (a)+N, his+N, those+N, these+N

　　例：Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods - paintings, sculpture and architecture - and superfluous experiences - music, literature, religion and philosophy. (43)

　　[A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity. [A]选项中出现指代these superfluous things，去每一个选项空格前找superfluous things或者具体的指代内容，通过对比(43)前出现了superfluous，后面也有并列名词，可判定(43)选A。

　　3. 逻辑关系词衔接：当已知信息中出现并列、转折、因果、总分的逻辑关系词时，我们就可以利用它们去找相似点，将已知信息和未知信息联系在一起。

　　并列关系：and;as well as; or; too; also

　　总分关系：generally; all in all; on the whole; for example; particularly

　　因果关系：because;for this reason; so; therefore

　　对比关系：some…others… ;the majority…. The minority… ; on the one hand,… on the other hand… ; similarly/ equally; other… another…

　　例：You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues. (42)

　　[E]. You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity — inferences that from the basis of personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.

　　E选项You make further inferences, for instance…中的inferences，the author，personal与此题空前后的infer, the writer和each reader实现同义词复现，直接锁定答案。

　　4. 时间/地点/数字衔接：一般作者在展开一篇文章时，可能会涉及到时间、地点、数字以支撑自己的观点。我们就可以利用选择和空格前后相关信息找衔接关系。

　　例：Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004, (43)

　　[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords. 选项中[B]出现了数字，去5个空格出找有数字的地方，只有43，而且通过词汇复现the number和the numbers，选项B有一个转折词“however”，这说明其表达的含义与空格前信息相反，该选项提到“the numbers are still small”，空前信息是“the number ... increased rapidly”，两者在语意上构成了明显的转折关系。所以正确答案即为B。