考研英语阅读理解精读：UNIT 13 TXET 1

　　备考考研的学生应该都有发现，考研阅读的题目基本都围绕在文章的各层次主干上，所以，原文几百字的文章，真正需要理解的主干其实只有几十个字而已，当我们划去冗余，就会发现几十字的文章骨架基本覆盖所有的问题。为了帮助大家更深入的了解，今天，好轻松考研小编给大家带来了考研英语阅读理解精读：UNIT 13 TXET 1，希望能帮助到大家。

　　TEXT 1

　　On Tuesday afternoon, as news about the Virginia Tech murders filtered out, the staff of a hamburger restaurant in downtown Austin gathered in front of a television suspended over the bar. A boyish-looking waiter speculated that if the gunman had really used a 9mm handgun, he must have had an accomplice. That handgun can hold a fair number of bullets, he said, but the gunman would have had to stop to reload.

　　It is not unusual for a Texan to be casually conversant about firearms. A state resident does not need a permit to buy a gun and guns do not have to be registered. Police are, as a result, not sure how many guns there are in the state. But the number is substantial. In a 2001 poll by the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance Survey, 36% of respondents said that their household had at least one.

　　The state's gun laws are lax, and becoming more so all the time. In March Governor Rick Perry signed a bill into law that gives increased discretion to open fire. Previously, Texans were justified in killing someone only if “a reasonable person in the actor's situation would not have retreated”. The new law, which takes effect in September, eliminates the need for escape attempts. It assumes that the otherwise law-abiding citizen had a good reason for standing their ground. It also gives shooters immunity from civil suits.

　　The law has plenty of critics. Law-enforcement officials say the duty to retreat saves lives because it discourages people from escalating conflicts. The new law seems to protect hysterical trigger-fingers who feel themselves genuinely threatened when no real threat exists. The law was probably not necessary anyway. There is no carjacking crisis in the state. And juries have never been sticklers about the duty to retreat. There is widespread sympathy for the idea that, as Oliver Wendell Holmes put it in 1921, “Detached reflection cannot be demanded in the presence of an uplifted knife.”

　　Still, the bill flew through the legislature with broad support. In a way, it simply marks a return to form for the state. Texas did not acknowledge a duty to retreat until 1973. And Texas is just the 16th state to pass such legislation since Florida did so in 2005. Florida's law goes even further, as it presumes that any cat burglar has murderous intent.

　　Texans largely support gun ownership, despite the fact that the state has experienced mass murders of its own. In 1966 Charles Whitman, a student at the University of Texas at Austin, shot almost 50 passers-by from the top of the campus clock-tower. Sixteen died. And in 1991 George Hennard drove his truck into a restaurant in the small town of Killeen, where he killed 23 patrons before killing himself. Before this week, those episodes were, respectively, the deadliest campus shooting and the worst mass shooting in America's history.

　　1. The waiter speculated that the murderer must have had an accomplice because_____

　　[A] the murderer was too young to commit such a serious murder by himself.

　　[B] the murderer need an aid to reload bullets for him.

　　[C] the murderer need someone to carry the weapon for him.

　　[D] the murderer was instigated by some behind the curtain.

　　2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the bill signed by the governer?

　　[A] The bill could better safeguard the law-abiding citizen.

　　[B] The bill will encourage people to use guns more frequently.

　　[C] The bill will make the gun laws of Texas more lax.

　　[D] The bill will prevent gun owners from all civil suits.

　　3.Towards the new gun law of Texas, the law-enforcement officials’ attitude can be said to be_____

　　[A] supportive.

　　[B] opposing.

　　[C] indifferent.

　　[D] unclear.

　　4. The idea conveyed by Oliver Wendell Holmes’ statement is _____

　　[A] that people will naturally resist when feeling threatened.

　　[B] that people will need to protect themselves when facing crisis.

　　[C] that people naturally feel threatened even there is no real danger.

　　[D] that people will retreat when founding the danger.

　　5. Which one of the following is TRUE of Texa’s law?

　　[A] Texas is the 16th state to pass the duty to retreat through the legislature.

　　[B] Texas’ new law won broad support from gun owners.

　　[C] Florida’s law goes too far away when compared with the new law of Texas.

　　[D]The new law was passed quite smoothly.

　　文章剖析：

　　这篇文章讲述了德克萨斯州的枪支法律。段由一条新闻说明了德州人对枪支的熟悉程度；第二段讲述德州枪支拥有的情况；第三、四段讲述德州一项新的枪支法律使得该州的枪支法更为宽松；第五段讲述虽然之前有许多枪杀惨案，但是德州仍然支持强制合法。

　　词汇注释：

　　conversant adj. 熟悉的discretion n. 行动的自由

　　hysterical adj. 异常兴奋的stickler n. 坚持己见的人

　　难句突破：

　　(1)On Tuesday afternoon, as news about the Virginia Tech murders filtered out, the staff of a hamburger restaurant in downtown Austin gathered in front of a television suspended over the bar.

　　[主体句式] The staff gathered in front of…

　　[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，as引导的时间状语从句做句子的状语；后面suspended …是television的定语。

　　[句子译文] 星期二下午，关于弗吉尼亚科技学院杀人案的消息传开后，奥斯汀市区一家汉堡包餐厅的员工聚集在吧台上方的电视机前。。

　　(2) There is widespread sympathy for the idea that, as Oliver Wendell Holmes put it in 1921, “Detached reflection cannot be demanded in the presence of an uplifted knife.”

　　[主体句式] There is widespread sysmpathy for the idea.

　　[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，that引导的是宾语the idea的同位语；as…引导的是定语从句，用来修饰后面引号中的句子。

　　[句子译文] 公众普遍认同1921年Oliver Wendell Holmes提出的建议，“面对已经举起的刀时不能要求人们没有任何反应。”

　　题目分析：

　　[答案]B

　　[难度系数] ☆☆☆☆

　　[分析]推理题。从这位侍者所说的话可以推断出来，他说这种手枪只能装下一定数量的子弹，他中间得停下来装弹，否则不可能一下子杀死这么多人。因此，因为他需要有人为他装子弹，所以侍者才这样说。选项中B符合题意。

　　[答案]C

　　[难度系数] ☆☆☆

　　[分析] 推理题。文章第三段提到，该州长签署的议案去除了辨别是否有逃跑企图的需要，也就是说不管对方是否想要逃跑，公民都可以开枪。该法律赋予了公民更为宽松的枪支法律，没有倡导退却义务。因此，选项B、D陈述是不正确的，C选项是正确陈述。A选项，该法律不一定能更好地保护公民，因为可能会使冲突升级，反而不利于公民的安全。

　　[答案]B

　　[难度系数] ☆

　　[分析]细节题。文章第四段提到了执法人员对该法律的看法，他们认为退却义务可以救命，因为可以防止人们的冲突升级。而新法律没有确保这种退却义务。而且第四段一开头就说有许多对该法案的批评，接着就是执法人员的看法，这是说明批评的一个例子。因此，他们的态度是反对的，B选项为正确答案。

　　[答案] A

　　[难度系数] ☆☆☆

　　[分析] 推理题。Oliver Wendell Holmes 所说的话为：“面对已经举起的刀时不能要求人们没有任何反应。”结合上下文，上文谈的是这项法律是没有必要存在的，提到这句话是为了反对法律允许不管人们是否有没有逃跑的企图都可以开枪。这句话引申到枪支上，也就是说如果人们看到枪支不会无动于衷，一般会发生抵抗，这样会造成更大的冲突。因此，选项中A最为符合题意。

　　[答案] D

　　[难度系数] ☆☆☆

　　[分析] 细节题。选项A，德州是第十六个通过允许公民不辨别逃跑就可以开枪的法律，不是通过退却义务的。选项B，文章中提到“德克萨斯州的人们支持枪支合法”，不仅仅是枪支的拥有者们，因此该选项过于狭隘。选项C，佛罗里达州的法律比德州的更为宽松。选项D，第五段提到“该法律还是获得了广泛的支持最终通过了立法”，正是赢得了广泛的支持，该法律才得以通过，因此是正确陈述。

　　参考译文：

　　星期二下午，关于弗吉尼亚科技学院杀人案的消息传开后，奥斯汀市区一家汉堡包餐厅的员工聚集在吧台上方的电视机前。一个看上去还是个大男孩的侍者推测如果这个开枪者真的用了一把9毫米口径的手枪，那么他肯定有一个同谋。他说，这种手枪只能装下一定数量的子弹，他中间得停下来继续装弹。

　　德克萨斯人在聊天时可以对枪支侃侃而谈，这并不鲜见。德州居民不需要许可证就可以购买枪支，而拥有枪支也不需要登记。因此，警察也不确定该州到底有多少枪支，但数量应该相当可观。2001年“行为风险因素监察调查”中，36%的被调查者称他们家中至少有一支枪。

　　该州的枪支法律不很严格，而且有越来越松的倾向。3月份，Rick Perry州长签署了一项议案，增加了开枪的自由。以前，只有“行动者为有理智的人且没有撤退”的情况下 德克萨斯人开枪才是合法的。而将于9月份生效的新法律却去掉了辨别是否有逃跑企图的这种需要。新法律认为守法公民有理由坚持他们的立场。这也将使得开枪者免于民事诉讼。

　　该法律受到了许多批评。法律执行官员称退却义务可以救命，因为这种义务能防止冲突升级。新法律似乎在保护那些处于兴奋状态的开枪者，他们在没有真正威胁的情况下却感觉到自己受到了威胁。该法律可能不是必需的。在该州并没有截车的危险，陪审团也并未坚持要求退却义务。公众普遍认同1921年Oliver Wendell Holmes提出的建议，“面对已经举起的刀时不能要求人们没有任何反应。”

　　但是，该法律还是获得了广泛的支持才最终得以立法。在某种程度上，这表示了该州回归形式的趋向。德克萨斯直到1973年才承认了退却义务，却是美国第十六个通过这种法律的州，此前是佛罗里达州于2005年通过了该法律。佛罗里达州的法律更加离谱，认为任何窃贼都有杀人的企图。

　　德克萨斯州的人们支持枪支合法，尽管该州曾经历过多次大规模的杀人事件。1966年，奥斯汀德克萨斯大学一名学生Charles Whitman从学校钟塔上向50名行人开枪，导致16人死亡。1991年，George Hennard驾驶自己的卡车进入基林小镇的一家餐馆，杀死了23名顾客，最后自杀。而本周前发生的是美国历史上最为恐怖的校园枪击案，也是最残酷的多人被杀枪击案。

　　考试马上就要来临，为了拿稳考研阅读的分值，大家一定要努力刷题，正确刷题哦。以上就是好轻松考研小编对于考研英语阅读理解精读：UNIT 13 TXET 1内容的整理，希望对大家有帮助哦。