2017年考研英语(二)阅读真题Text1及答案解析

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　　1)  Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.

　　2) Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers。

　　3) Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.

　　4) Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education。 Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.

　　21.According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has______.

　　[A] gained great popularity

　　[B] created many jobs

　　[C] strengthened community ties

　　[D] become an official festival

　　22.The author believes that London’s Olympic “legacy” has failed to______.

　　[A] boost population growth

　　[B] promote sport participation

　　[C] improve the city’s image

　　[D] increase sport hours in schools

　　23.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it______.

　　[A] aims at discovering talents

　　[B] focuses on mass competition

　　[C] does not emphasize elitism

　　[D] does not attract first-timers

　　24.With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should______.

　　[A] organize “grassroots” sports events

　　[B] supervise local sports associations

　　[C] increase funds for sports clubs

　　[D] invest in public sports facilities

　　25.The author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is______.

　　[A] tolerant

　　[B] critical

　　[C] uncertain

　　[D] sympathetic

       答案解析：

　　21.选项[A]正确。

　　段①句指出公园跑“每周六早上定时举行;每次人数超过5万”。②句指出公园跑“始于十来个朋友，如今在全国激起400场活动,国外更多”。③句指出该活动涉及数千名志愿者。①句则指出该活动中老少齐上场。综合段落可得知，该活动已赢得巨大欢迎,[A]正确。

　　22.选项[B]正确。

　　根据题干定位到第二段.该段指出，奥运会遗产预期能够促进国民参与运动、促进国民健康:结果却是运动人数下降,肥胖人数增加。可见[B]正确。

　　23.选项[C]正确。

　　根据题干关键词different 定位到第三段(④句的by contrast是different的同义表达)。该段首先指出“公园跑”旨在让所有人参加运动、获得快乐。随后指出“奥运会”有两个目的:既希望民众广泛参与,又希望发现精英运动员。所以二者区别在于:“公园跑”不强调“精英主义”,[C]正确。

　　24.选项[D]正确。

　　由题干关键词mass sports、governments定位到第四段。该段②④句指出政府就促进“大众体育”的正确做法:采取具体行动、提供公共物品。可见[D]正确。

　　25.选项[B]正确。

　　根据题干关键词what UK governments have done for sports定位到第四段。本段前三句指出.英国政府参与规划基层体育运动的做法有些可笑。其正确做法应该是确保公共设施到位，而实际上政府却采取了完全相反的做法。最后两句向未来政府提出建议:为繁荣体育事业多干实事，至少不要让情况变得更糟。可见，作者对政府持明显的批判态度,[B]正确。

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