2017年考研英语(二)阅读真题Text2及答案解析

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　　1)  With so much focus on children's use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”

　　2) Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.

　　3)  Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive — as they often are when absorbed in a device — it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention. “Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.

　　4) On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an "oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting" with their children: “It's based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.

　　26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.

　　[A] simplify routine matters

　　[B] absorb user attention

　　[C] better interpersonal relations

　　[D] increase work efficiency

　　27. Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers' use of devices ______.

　　[A] takes away babies' appetite

　　[B] distracts children's attention

　　[C] slows down babies' verbal development

　　[D] reduces mother-child communication

　　28. Radesky's cites the "still face experiment" to show that _______.

　　[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions

　　[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange

　　[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents' mood

　　[D] parents need to respond to children's emotional needs

　　29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.

　　[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies

　　[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year

　　[C] ensure constant interaction with their children

　　[D] remain concerned about kid's use of screens

　　30. According to Tronick, kid's use of screens may_______.

　　[A] give their parents some free time

　　[B] make their parents more creative

　　[C] help them with their homework

　　[D] help them become more attentive

       答案解析：

　　26.选项[B]正确。

　　首段②③句指出Jenny Radesky观点:科技旨在将你真正卷入其中，数字产品就是为了促进参与。这使你难以自拔，且渗透到家庭日常之中。可见Jenny Radesky 认为，数字产品的设计初衷在于“吸引用户注意力”，[B]正确。

　　27.选项[D]正确。

　　根据题干中关键名词短语Radesky's food testing exercise定位到第二段，该段②句指出食物测试发现:使用数字设备的母亲与孩子的语言交流减少了20%,非语言交流减少了39%。可见，母亲使用数字设备会减少其与孩子的交流，[D]正确。

　　28.选项[D]正确。

　　由the "still face experiment"定位至第三段。该段②③句指出Radesky引用了“面无表情实验”并说明实验发现“父母面无表情会令孩子越来越压抑”。④句则指出Radesky观点:父母应积极回应孩子所表达的情感诉求。综上可知Radesky意在借实验提醒父母回应孩子的情感需求,[D]正确。

　　29.选项[C]正确。

　　根据题干中关键名词oppressive ideology(压制性意识形态)定位至第四段①句。该句指出,压制性意识形态要求父母必须一直与孩子保持互动,因此[C]正确。

　　30.选项[A]正确。

　　第四段②句指出,Tronick认为孩子使用数字产品并非完全没有好处:它可以使父母抽出时间洗澡、做家务或者稍作休息，即，给父母一些自由时间，[A]正确。

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